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加快我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用的建议

赵世佳,徐楠,乔英俊,杨波

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第1期   页码 144-148 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.021

摘要：

在国家政策引导和支持下，我国新能源汽车产业发展迅猛，预计到2020年新能源汽车保有量将超过500万辆。随之而来的新能源汽车动力电池回收利用问题成为行业内的重大议题。动力电池如不进行有效回收处理，将造成严重的环境污染及资源浪费。美、德、日等发达国家均已提前布局动力电池回收领域。本文对我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用存在的问题开展深入分析，为我国加快动力电池发展提出具体的建议。

关键词： 新能源汽车     动力电池     回收    

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Design method and verification of a hybrid prosthetic mechanism with energy-damper clutchable device

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 747-764 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0644-4

摘要： Transfemoral amputees (TAs) have difficulty in mobility during walking, such as restricted movement of lower extremity and body instability, yet few transfemoral prostheses have explored human-like multiple motion characteristics by simple structures to fit the kinesiology, biomechanics, and stability of human lower extremity. In this work, the configurations of transfemoral prosthetic mechanism are synthesized in terms of human lower-extremity kinesiology. A hybrid transfemoral prosthetic (HTP) mechanism with multigait functions is proposed to recover the gait functions of TAs. The kinematic and mechanical performances of the designed parallel mechanism are analyzed to verify their feasibility in transfemoral prosthetic mechanism. Inspired by motion–energy coupling relationship of the knee, a wearable energy-damper clutched device that can provide energy in knee stance flexion to facilitate the leg off from the ground and can impede the leg’s swing velocity for the next stance phase is proposed. Its co-operation with the springs in the prismatic pairs enables the prosthetic mechanism to have the energy recycling ability under the gait rhythm of the knee joint. Results demonstrate that the designed HTP mechanism can replace the motion functions of the knee and ankle to realize its multimode gait and effectively decrease the peak power of actuators from 94.74 to 137.05 W while maintaining a good mechanical adaptive stability.

关键词： hybrid transfemoral prosthetic mechanism     energy recycling     wearable mechanical clutched device     mechanical adaptive stability    

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Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1405-7

摘要：

• Copper fractal growth was observed during WPCBs recycling by slurry electrolysis.

关键词： Dendritic copper     Fractal growth     WPCBs     Slurry electrolysis    

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EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要：

• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.

• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.

• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.

• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.

• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.

 

Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.

Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha−1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.

Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.

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Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 570-579 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0604-2

摘要： Crop residues are an important biomass, and are significant in the sustainable development of China. This paper uses the Grey-Markov modeling approach, the cost-benefit analysis method, and the constraint optimization method to establish the potential of crop residue recycling in China (CRRC) using a bottom-up analysis. Taking 2010 as the baseline year, the CRRC model is used to determine the quantity trends of crop residue resources, simulating the recycling potential and selecting key crop residue recycling technologies for operation between 2010 and 2030. The results illustrate that the total residue output from different crops will gradually increase to 1062 million tons in 2030. The proportion of crop residue for field burning is expected to decrease as a result of guidance and support from the government. Market mechanisms are also improving the development of the crop residue recycling industry. The economic benefit of crop residue recycling is expected to be worth 132 billion CNY in 2030 according to technology structure options. Key crop residue recycling technologies preferred such as liquefaction, amination, silo, co-firing straw power and composting will account for more than 85% of the total benefits.

关键词： China     crop residue     recycling potential     technology options    

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资源循环

邱定蕃

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第10期   页码 31-35

摘要：

资源是一个国家可持续发展的基础。人类不能无限制地开发自然资源（矿物），而应该尽可能反复利用,逐步建立起资源循环。资源循环学，就是研究如何利用这些产物建立循环系统的科学。资源循环是一个规律，是人类与自然和谐共处、可持续发展的必由之路。资源开发又与环境污染密切相关。尽早建立资源循环型社会，有可能从根本上解决资源短缺和环境污染问题。建立资源循环型社会是一个系统工程，需要政府重视，制定相应法律，科技、教育先行和全社会的共同努力。

关键词： 资源     资源循环     资源开发     资源型社会    

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我国节能环保产业发展的思考

傅志寰,宋忠奎,陈小寰,王健夫,赵吉诗

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第8期   页码 75-80

摘要：

加快发展节能环保产业是推进我国产业结构调整、转变经济发展方式的重要途径，是应对气候变化，抢占未来竞争制高点的战略选择。本文介绍了我国节能环保产业发展的现状，分析了当前节能环保产业在发展过程中面临的问题，未来发展的重点领域和技术发展方向，提出了“十三五”期间我国节能环保产业发展的主要目标、相应的重点支撑工程和对策建议。

关键词： 节能；环保；资源循环利用；产业；对策    

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Optimal Timing and Recycling Operation Mode for Electro-Mechanical Products Active Remanufacturing

Wang Gao,Tao Li,Shi-tong Peng,Liang Wang,Hong-chao Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 115-122 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016019

摘要： The uncertainties of remanufactured products in multi-life cycle service, such as injury and restoration process route, are comprehensively analyzed in the present study from perspectives of cost and the environment. Based on life cycle assessment method and the life cycle cost analysis, the optimal timing model of active remanufacturing for electro-mechanical products is established considering these uncertainties. In addition, regarding the active remanufacturing as its guidance, this study explores the economic efficiency and corresponding operation mode of electro-mechanical products when recycling in the optimal timing. To validate the optimal timing model for electro-mechanical products active remanufacturing, a specific type of product is taken as a case study with mathematical statistics method and Monte Carlo simulation.

关键词： electro-mechanical products     active remanufacturing     optimal timing     reverse logistics     recycling mode    

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Recycling Materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Jinhui Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-1001-z

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The Building of Papermaking Enterprise’s Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow

Zhi-fang Zhou,Jing Ou,Sha-sha Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 9-17 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016009

摘要： At present, the research on circular economy has made a lot of substantive results both at home and abroad. But for the papermaking enterprise, which is the representative of the light industry, few studies have analyzed the evaluation index system of circular economy. Since the current material flow analyses have limitations that the researchers cannot calculate materials with different units. The authors take advantage of the intrinsic correlation between the basic principle of value flow analysis and circular economy, and then analyze the dynamic changes of material flow and value flow through enterprises internal production process. Considering the resource output, the authors set up the layered structure of the evaluation index system, and then preliminarily determine the index form. Next, the authors use the frequency statistics analysis method to adjust indicators, forming a preliminary index system. After that, the principal component analysis and independent analysis are applied for screening. Finally, the authors build a circular economy evaluation index system for papermaking enterprise to provide scientific guidance for the process of circular economy.

关键词： circular economy     the papermaking enterprise     material flow analysis     value flow analysis     evaluation index system    

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Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: Plastic

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.008

摘要： Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have accounted for most of the lighting market as the technology matures and costs continue to reduce. As a new type of e-waste, LED is a double-edged sword, as it contains not only precious and rare metals but also organic packaging materials. In previous studies, LED recycling focused on recovering precious and strategic metals while ignoring harmful substances such as organic packaging materials. Unlike crushing and other traditional methods, hydrothermal treatment can provide an environment-friendly process for decomposing packaging materials. This work developed a closed reaction vessel, where the degradation rate of plastic polyphthalamide (PPA) was close to 100%, with nano-TiO2 encapsulated in plastic PPA being efficiently recovered, while metals contained in LED were also recycled efficiently. Besides, the role of water in plastic PPA degradation that has been overlooked in current studies was explored and speculated in detail in this work. Environmental impact assessment revealed that the proposed recycling route for waste LED could significantly reduce the overall environmental impact compared to the currently published processes. Especially the developed method could reduce more than half the impact of global warming. Furthermore, this research provides a theoretical basis and a promising method for recycling other plastic-packaged e-waste devices, such as integrated circuits.

关键词： Waste LED     Hydrothermal treatment     Recycling     Plastic PPA degradation     Packaging materials    

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废弃沥青材料的循环利用关键技术研究

杨林江

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第1期   页码 56-61

摘要：

通过了解国内外沥青路面再生技术的发展现状，剖析沥青路面老化、再生机理，提出了废旧沥青混合料循环利用的技术，研发出一套行之有效的沥青路面热再生技术，以适应当今形势下的沥青路面再生、资源循环利用和环境保护的需要，为建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会而努力。

关键词： 沥青；路面；废旧料；循环利用；热再生技术；再生沥青混合料    

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Region-gridding recycling of bulk organic waste: Emerging views based on coordinated urban and rural

Wenbing Tan, Dongyu Cui, Xiaohui Zhang, Beidou Xi

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1291-4

摘要： Abstract Bulk organic waste (BOW) has a large output in China. The improper disposal of BOW will not only bring serious environmental pollution, but also cause waste of biomass resources. The viewpoint proposes a region-gridding recycling management system of BOW that highlights the coordinated development of environmental, agricultural and energy elements in urban and rural areas. The viewpoint aims to drive the upstream and downstream industrial chains of BOW treatments, avoid the repeated construction of resource facilities, guide the upgrading of resource-based technologies, promote the professionalization of farmers, and thus built the high-quality modern agricultural recycling industrial park based on system management.

关键词： Bulk organic waste     Recycling     Urban-rural coordination     Management system    

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A critical review on the recycling of copper and precious metals from waste printed circuit boards using

Zebing Wu, Wenyi Yuan, Jinhui Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Lili Liu, Jingwei Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0995-6

摘要： Currently, increasing amounts of end-of-life (EoL) electronic products are being generated due to their reduced life spans and the unavailability of suitable recycling technologies. In particular, waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) have become of global concern with regard to environmental issues because of their high metal and toxic material contents, which are pollutants. There are many environmental threats owed to the disposal of electronic waste; off-gasses, such as dioxins, furans, polybrominated organic pollutants, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, can be generated during thermal treatments, which can cause serious health problems if effective off-gas cleaning systems are not developed and improved. Moreover, heavy metals will dissolve, and release into the ground water from the landfill sites. Such waste PCBs contain precious metals which are of monetary value. Therefore, it is beneficial to recover the metal content and protect the environment from pollution. Hydrometallurgy is a successful technique used worldwide for the recovery of precious metals (especially gold and silver) from ores, concentrates, and waste materials. It is generally preferred over other methods because it can offer high recovery rates at a relatively low cost. This article reviews the recent trends and developments with regard to the recycling of precious metals from waste PCBs through hydrometallurgical techniques, such as leaching and recovery.

关键词： Waste PCBs     Precious metals     Hydrometallurgy     Recycling     Leaching     Recovery    

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Improvement potential of today’s WEEE recycling performance: The case of LCD TVs in Belgium

Paul Vanegas, Jef R. Peeters, Dirk Cattrysse, Wim Dewulf, Joost R. Duflou

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-1000-0

摘要： Waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) constitutes one of the most relevant waste streams because of the quantity and presence of valuable materials. However, there is limited knowledge on the resource potential of urban mining WEEE, as data on material composition, and the efficiency of current recycling treatments are still scarce. In this article, an evaluation of the recycling performance at a national level for one of the fastest growing e-waste streams: LCD TVs is carried out through the following four steps. Firstly, material characterisation is performed by means of sampling of the waste stream. Secondly, a material flow analysis is conducted by evaluating the separation performance of a recycling plant in Belgium. Thirdly, the recovered economic value and avoided environmental impact (EI) of the analysed recycling system is assessed. Finally, the potential of urban mining for Belgium is forecasted. The analysis shows that while recycling performance for ferrous metals and aluminium are relatively high; there is substantial room to better close the material loops for precious metals (PM) and plastics. PMs and plastics account for 66 % of the economic value in LCD TVs and 57% of the EI. With the current, commonly applied recycling technology only one-third of the PM and housing plastics are recycled; meaning that for these materials, at a national level for Belgium, there is a potential for improvement that represents 3.3 million euros in 2016 and 6.8 million euros in 2025.

关键词： Recycling     Waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)     Material flow analysis     LCD TVs     Precious metals     Plastics    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

加快我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用的建议

赵世佳,徐楠,乔英俊,杨波

期刊论文

Design method and verification of a hybrid prosthetic mechanism with energy-damper clutchable device

期刊论文

Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

期刊论文

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

期刊论文

Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

期刊论文

资源循环

邱定蕃

期刊论文

我国节能环保产业发展的思考

傅志寰,宋忠奎,陈小寰,王健夫,赵吉诗

期刊论文

Optimal Timing and Recycling Operation Mode for Electro-Mechanical Products Active Remanufacturing

Wang Gao,Tao Li,Shi-tong Peng,Liang Wang,Hong-chao Zhang

期刊论文

Recycling Materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Jinhui Li

期刊论文

The Building of Papermaking Enterprise’s Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow

Zhi-fang Zhou,Jing Ou,Sha-sha Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

期刊论文

Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: Plastic

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

期刊论文

废弃沥青材料的循环利用关键技术研究

杨林江

期刊论文

Region-gridding recycling of bulk organic waste: Emerging views based on coordinated urban and rural

Wenbing Tan, Dongyu Cui, Xiaohui Zhang, Beidou Xi

期刊论文

A critical review on the recycling of copper and precious metals from waste printed circuit boards using

Zebing Wu, Wenyi Yuan, Jinhui Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Lili Liu, Jingwei Wang

期刊论文

Improvement potential of today’s WEEE recycling performance: The case of LCD TVs in Belgium

Paul Vanegas, Jef R. Peeters, Dirk Cattrysse, Wim Dewulf, Joost R. Duflou

期刊论文